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Contributor roles taxonomy

Our manuscript preparation guidelines foresee the inclusion of a section on author contributions in which the contributions of all co-authors are briefly described. We hereby adopted the CRediT Taxonomy to describe each author’s individual contributions to the work. While the submitting author is responsible to include the respective section, we expect that all co-authors have reviewed, discussed, and agreed to their individual contributions ahead of this time. Contributions will be published with the final article, and they should accurately reflect contributions to the work.

Contributor role Role definition
Conceptualization Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.
Data curation Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data, and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse.
Formal analysis Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyse or synthesize study data.
Funding acquisition Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication.
Investigation Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.
Methodology Development or design of methodology; creation of models.
Project administration Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.
Resources Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.
Software Programming, software development; designing computer programmes; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.
Supervision Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team.
Validation Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs.
Visualization Preparation, creation, and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.
Writing – original draft preparation Creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation).
Writing – review & editing Preparation, creation, and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision – including pre- or post-publication stages.